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GNU/Linux |
RedHat 6.2(Zoot) |
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ipvsadm(8) |
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ipvsadm − administer the routing table on a Linux Virtual Server
ipvsadm
-[A|E] -[t|u] service-address [-s
scheduler]
[-p [timeout]] [-M [netmask]]
ipvsadm -D -[t|u] service-address
ipvsadm -C
ipvsadm -[a|e] -[t|u] service-address -r
server-address
[-g|-m|-i] [-w weight]
ipvsadm -d -[t|u] service-address -r
server-address
ipvsadm -[L|l] [-n]
ipvsadm -h
Use ipvsadm(8) to build a Linux Virtual Server (LVS) based on a cluster of two or more nodes. The active node of the cluster redirects service requests to a collection of server hosts that will actually perform the services. You use ipvsadm(8) to set up, maintain or inspect the kernel routing table. Supported features include two protocols (TCP and UDP), three packet-forwarding methods (NAT, tunneling, and direct routing), and four load balancing algorithms (round robin, weighted round robin, least-connection and weighted least-connection).
The command has
these two basic versions:
ipvsadm COMMAND [protocol] service-address
[scheduling-method]
[persistent-timeout]
ipvsadm command [protocol] service-address server-address
[packet-forwarding-method] [server-capacity]
The first version adds a public service address (a host address and port associated with a service request rather than a specific network host) to the kernel routing table and specifies the method for assigning service requests to hosts and the persistent timeout. The second version associates an existing public service address in the table with the addresses of the server hosts to which requests for service may be redirected. This version also indicates the packet-forwarding method and the capacity of the server hosts relative to one another.
COMMANDS
ipvsadm(8) recognizes the commands described below.
Upper-case commands maintain public service addresses.
Lower-case commands maintain the associations between a
service address and the network hosts to which requests for
service are redirected.
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-A |
Add a public service address to the routing table. A service address is uniquely defined by a triplet: IP address, port number, and protocol type. | ||
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-D |
Delete a service address from the routing table, along with any associated server hosts added with the -a command. | ||
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-C |
Clear the routing table. | ||
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-a |
Associate an existing public service address with a server host to which the service may be redirected. | ||
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-d |
Remove a server from the pool of hosts to which a service may be redirected. | ||
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-L, -l |
Display the routing table. | ||
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-h |
Help. Display a description of the command syntax. |
PARAMETERS
The commands above accept or require zero or more of the
following parameters.
-t, --tcp-service service-address
Use TCP service. The service-address is a host and port associated with a service to be redirected. Host can be either a plain IP address or a hostname. Port can be either a plain port number or the service name of port.
-u, --udp-service service-address
Use UDP service. See the -t (tcp-service) for the description of the service-address.
-s, --scheduler scheduling-method
scheduling-method is the algorithm for distributing the jobs to servers:
rr - robin robin: distribute jobs equally among the available servers.
wrr - weighted round robin: assign more jobs to servers with larger capacity (i.e., assign jobs in decending order by weight).
lc - least-connection: assign more jobs to servers with fewer active jobs.
wlc - weighted least-connection: assign more jobs to servers with fewer active jobs relative to their capacity (i.e., number of active jobs divided by weight). This is the default.
-p, --persistent [timeout]
Persistent port. If this switch is specified, multiple requests from a client are redirected to the same server each time (the one selected for the first request). The timeout of persistent sessions can be specified by the values in seconds, the default is 300 seconds. Use this option to solve problems with cookies, SSL, or FTP with tunneling or direct routing.
-M, --netmask netmask
For persistent ports, allows you to specify the granularity at which the clients are grouped. The source address of the request is masked with this netmask to, for example, direct all clients from a /24 network to the same real server. The default is 255.255.255.255, which means that the persistence granularity is per client host. Use this option to solve problems with non-persistent cache clusters on the client side.
-r, --real-server server-address
Real server that an associated request for service may be assigned to. The server-address is the host address of a real server, and may plus port. Host can be either a plain IP address or a hostname. Port can be either a plain port number or the service name of port. In the case of the masquerading method, the host address is usually a private IP address, and the port can be different from that of the associated service. If port is not specified, the port specified in the service address will be used. With the tunneling and direct routing methods, port must be equal to that of the service address.
[packet-forwarding-method]
-g, --gatewaying Use gatewaying (direct routing). This is the default.
-m, --masquerading Use masquerading (network access translation, or NAT).
-i, --ipip Use ipip encapsulation (tunneling).
-w, --weight weight
weight is an integer (default 1) specifying the processing capacity of a server relative to that of others in the pool. The valid values of weight is from 0 through 65535. The server with weight=0 is "quiesced" and receives no new jobs but still serves the existing jobs. It is useful to cool down overloaded servers or get some servers out of service for maintenance.
-n, --numeric
Numeric output. IP addresses and port numbers will be printed in numeric format. By default, the program will try to display them as host names, network names, or services (whenever applicable).
The following commands configure a redirector host to distribute incoming Web requests addressed to port 80 on 207.175.44.110 equally to port 80 on five Web server hosts. The networking model for this example is NAT with each of the real servers being masqueraded by the LVS.
ipvsadm -A -t
207.175.44.110:80 -s rr
ipvsadm -a -t 207.175.44.110:80 -r 192.168.10.1 -m
ipvsadm -a -t 207.175.44.110:80 -r 192.168.10.2 -m
ipvsadm -a -t 207.175.44.110:80 -r 192.168.10.3 -m
ipvsadm -a -t 207.175.44.110:80 -r 192.168.10.4 -m
ipvsadm -a -t 207.175.44.110:80 -r 192.168.10.5 -m
The default route of the Web server hosts must be set to the redirector box, and the redirector box must be configured to forward the masquerading packets.
echo
"1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
ipchains -A forward -j MASQ -s 192.168.10.0/24 -d
0.0.0.0/0
/proc/net/ip-masq/vs
lvs(8), lvs.cf(5).
ipvsadm - Wensong Zhang <wensong@iinchina.net>
|
Peter Kese <peter.kese@ijs.si> |
man page - Mike Wangsmo
<wanger@redhat.com>
Wensong Zhang <wensong@iinchina.net>
|
ipvsadm(8) | |