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GNU/Linux |
CentOS 5.3 |
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yum(8) |
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yum − Yellowdog Updater Modified
yum [options] [command] [package ...]
yum is an interactive, rpm based, package manager. It can automatically perform system updates, including dependancy analysis and obsolete processing based on "repository" metadata. It can also perform installation of new packages, removal of old packages and perform queries on the installed and/or available packages among many other commands/services (see below). yum is similar to other high level package managers like apt−get and smart.
While there are some graphical interfaces directly to the yum code, more recent graphical interface development is happening with PackageKit and the gnome−packagekit application.
command
is one of:
* install package1 [package2] [...]
* update [package1] [package2] [...]
* check−update
* upgrade [package1] [package2] [...]
* remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]
* list [...]
* info [...]
* provides | whatprovides feature1 [feature2] [...]
* clean [ packages | headers | metadata | dbcache | all ]
* makecache
* groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
* groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
* grouplist [hidden]
* groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
* groupinfo group1 [...]
* search string1 [string2] [...]
* shell [filename]
* resolvedep dep1 [dep2] [...]
* localinstall rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
* localupdate rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
* deplist package1 [package2] [...]
* repolist [all|enabled|disabled]
* help [command]
Unless the −−help or −h option is given, one of the above commands must be present.
Repository
configuration is honored in all operations.
install
Is used to install the latest version of a package or group of packages while ensuring that all dependencies are satisfied. If no package matches the given package name(s), they are assumed to be a shell glob and any matches are then installed.
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update |
If run without any packages, update will update every currently installed package. If one or more packages are specified, Yum will only update the listed packages. While updating packages, yum will ensure that all dependencies are satisfied. If no package matches the given package name(s), they are assumed to be a shell glob and any matches are then installed. |
If the −−obsoletes flag is present yum will include package obsoletes in its calculations - this makes it better for distro−version changes, for example: upgrading from somelinux 8.0 to somelinux 9.
check−update
Implemented so you could know if your machine had any updates that needed to be applied without running it interactively. Returns exit value of 100 if there are packages available for an update. Also returns a list of the pkgs to be updated in list format. Returns 0 if no packages are available for update. Returns 1 if an error occured.
upgrade
Is the same as the update command with the −−obsoletes flag set. See update for more details.
remove or erase
Are used to remove the specified packages from the system as well as removing any packages which depend on the package being removed.
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list |
Is used to list various information about available packages; more complete details are available in the List Options section below. |
provides or whatprovides
Is used to find out which package provides some feature or file. Just use a specific name or a file-glob-syntax wildcards to list the packages available or installed that provide that feature or file.
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search |
Is used to find any packages matching a string in the description, summary and package name fields of an rpm. Useful for finding a package you do not know by name but know by some word related to it. | ||
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info |
Is used to list a description and summary information about available packages; takes the same arguments as in the List Options section below. | ||
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clean |
Is used to clean up various things which accumulate in the yum cache directory over time. More complete details can be found in the Clean Options section below. |
makecache
Is used to download and make usable all the metadata for the currently enabled yum repos.
groupinstall
Is used to install all of the
individual packages in a group, of the specified types (this
works as if you’d taken each of those package names
and put them on the command line for a "yum
install" command).
The group_package_types configuration option specifies which
types will be installed.
groupupdate
Is just an alias for groupinstall, which will do the right thing because "yum install X" and "yum update X" do the same thing, when X is already installed.
grouplist
Is used to list the available groups from all yum repos. Groups are marked as "installed" if all mandatory packages are installed, or if a group doesn’t have any mandatory packages then it is installed if any of the optional or default package are installed. The optional "hidden" argument will also list groups marked as not being "user visible".
groupremove
Is used to remove all of the pacakges in a group, unlike "groupinstall" this will remove everything regardless of group_package_types. It is worth pointing out that packages can be in more than one group, so "groupinstall X Y" followed by "groupremove Y" does not do give you the same result as "groupinstall X".
groupinfo
Is used to give the description and package list of a group (and which type those packages are marked as). Note that you can use the yum-filter-data and yum-list-data plugins to get/use the data the other way around (Ie. what groups own packages need updating).
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shell |
Is used to enter the ’yum shell’, when a filename is specified the contents of that file is executed in yum shell mode. See yum-shell(8) for more info |
resolvedep
Is used to list packages providing the specified dependencies, at most one package is listed per dependency.
localinstall
Is used to install a set of local rpm files. If required the enabled repositories will be used to resolve dependencies.
localupdate
Is used to update the system by specifying local rpm files. Only the specified rpm files of which an older version is already installed will be installed, the remaining specified packages will be ignored. If required the enabled repositories will be used to resolve dependencies.
deplist
Produces a list of all dependencies and what packages provide those dependencies for the given packages.
repolist
Produces a list of configured repositories. The default is to list all enabled repositories.
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help |
Produces help, either for all commands or if given a command name then the help for that particular command. |
Most command
line options can be set using the configuration file as well
and the descriptions indicate the necessary configuration
option to set.
−h, −−help
Help; display a help message and then quit.
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−y |
Assume yes; assume that the answer to any question which would be asked is yes. |
Configuration Option: assumeyes
−c [config file]
Specifies the config file location - can take http, ftp urls and local file paths.
−q, −−quiet
Run without output. Note that you likely also want to use −y.
−v, −−verbose
Run with a lot of debugging output.
−d [number]
Sets the debugging level to
[number] − turns up or down the amount of things that
are printed. Practical range: 0 - 10
Configuration Option: debuglevel
−e [number]
Sets the error level to
[number] Practical range 0 − 10. 0 means print only
critical errors about which you must be told. 1 means print
all errors, even ones that are not overly important. 1+
means print more errors (if any) −e 0 is good for cron
jobs.
Configuration Option: errorlevel
−R [time in minutes]
Sets the maximum amount of time yum will wait before performing a command − it randomizes over the time.
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−C |
Tells yum to run entirely from cache - does not download or update any headers unless it has to to perform the requested action. |
−−version
Reports the yum version number and exits.
−−showduplicates
Doesn’t limit packages to their latest versions in the info, list and search commands (will also affect plugins which use the doPackageLists() API).
−−installroot=root
Specifies an alternative
installroot, relative to which all packages will be
installed.
Configuration Option: installroot
−−enablerepo=repoidglob
Enables specific repositories
by id or glob that have been disabled in the configuration
file using the enabled=0 option.
Configuration Option: enabled
−−disablerepo=repoidglob
Disables specific repositories
by id or glob.
Configuration Option: enabled
−−obsoletes
This option only has affect for
an update, it enables yum´s obsoletes
processing logic. For more information see the update
command above.
Configuration Option: obsoletes
−x, −−exclude=package
Exclude a specific package by name or glob from updates on all repositories. Configuration Option: exclude
−−disableexcludes=[all|main|repoid]
Disable the excludes defined in
your config files. Takes one of three options:
all == disable all excludes
main == disable excludes defined in [main] in yum.conf
repoid == disable excludes defined for that repo
−−disableplugin=plugin
Run with one or more plugins disabled, the argument is a comma seperated list of wildcards to match against plugin names.
−−noplugins
Run with all plugins disabled.
Configuration Option: plugins
−−nogpgcheck
Run with gpg signature checking
disabled.
Configuration Option: gpgcheck
−−skip−broken
Resolve depsolve problems by
removing packages that are causing problems from the
transaction.
Configuration Option: skip_broken
−t, --tolerant
This option currently does nothing.
The following
are the ways which you can invoke yum in list mode.
Note that all list commands include information on
the version of the package.
yum list [all | glob_exp1] [glob_exp2] [...]
List all available and installed packages.
yum list available [glob_exp1] [...]
List all packages in the yum repositories available to be installed.
yum list updates [glob_exp1] [...]
List all packages with updates available in the yum repositories.
yum list installed [glob_exp1] [...]
List the packages specified by args. If an argument does not match the name of an available package, it is assumed to be a shell−style glob and any matches are printed.
yum list extras [glob_exp1] [...]
List the packages installed on the system that are not available in any yum repository listed in the config file.
yum list obsoletes [glob_exp1] [...]
List the packages installed on the system that are obsoleted by packages in any yum repository listed in the config file.
yum list recent
List packages recently added into the repositories.
Specifying package names
All the list options mentioned above take file-glob-syntax wildcards or package names as arguments, for example yum list available ’foo*’ will list all available packages that match ’foo*’. (The single quotes will keep your shell from expanding the globs.)
The following
are the ways which you can invoke yum in clean mode.
Note that "all files" in the commands below means
"all files in currently enabled repositories". If
you want to also clean any (temporarily) disabled
repositories you need to use
--enablerepo=’*’ option.
yum clean packages
Eliminate any cached packages from the system. Note that packages are not automatically deleted after they are downloaded.
yum clean headers
Eliminate all of the header files which yum uses for dependency resolution.
yum clean metadata
Eliminate all of the files which yum uses to determine the remote availability of packages. Using this option will force yum to download all the metadata the next time it is run.
yum clean dbcache
Eliminate the sqlite cache used for faster access to metadata. Using this option will force yum to recreate the cache the next time it is run.
yum clean all
Runs yum clean packages and yum clean headers, yum clean metadata and yum clean dbcache as above.
Specifying package names
A package can be referred to for install,update,list,remove etc with any of the following:
name
name.arch
name-ver
name-ver-rel
name-ver-rel.arch
name-epoch:ver-rel.arch
epoch:name-ver-rel.arch
For example: yum remove kernel-2.4.1-10.i686
Yum can be extended through the use of plugins. A plugin is a Python ".py" file which is installed in one of the directories specified by the pluginpath option in yum.conf. For a plugin to work, the following conditions must be met:
1. The plugin module file must be installed in the plugin path as just described.
2. The global plugins option in /etc/yum/yum.conf must be set to ’1’.
3. A configuration file for the plugin must exist in /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/<plugin_name>.conf and the enabled setting in this file must set to ’1’. The minimal content for such a configuration file is:
[main]
enabled = 1
See the yum.conf(5) man page for more information on plugin related configuration options.
/etc/yum.conf
/etc/yum.repos.d/
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/
/var/cache/yum/
pkcon (1)
yum.conf (5)
yum-updatesd (8)
package-cleanup (1)
repoquery (1)
yum-complete-transaction (1)
yumdownloader (1)
yum-utils (1)
http://linux.duke.edu/yum/
http://wiki.linux.duke.edu/YumFaq
yum search yum
See the Authors file included with this program.
There of course aren’t any bugs, but if you find any, you should first consult the Faq mentioned above and then email the mailing list: yum@lists.linux.duke.edu or filed in bugzilla.
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yum(8) | |